The Scottish physician and biologist John Boyd Orr emerged in the inter-war years as one of Britain's leading experts on nutrition. He maintained that many Britons were malnourished because their incomes were too low. Boyd Orr participated in the efforts in the League of Nations to achieve an international policy on nutrition. During the Second World War, he proposed the idea of a "world food plan" to President Franklin D. Roosevelt of the USA. In 1945 he was elected Director-General of the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), the first of the specialised organisations established under the United Nations. Food and prosperity for all people on earth led to peace, Boyd Orr argued.
Boyd Orr was an ardent adherent of world organisation as a means of securing peace, and argued for a world government ruling according to rules of international law. The nations of the world were now so dependent on each other that they had to give up some of their sovereignty. Boyd Orr was elevated to the peerage for his national and international commitment.
In 1949 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for his lifelong effort to conquer hunger and want, thereby helping to remove a major cause of military conflict and war."
In the first part of this series, Richard Dawkins retraces Darwin's
journey as a scientist, from the UK via Africa, to America.
He re-examines the rich evidence of the natural world which opened
Darwin's eyes to the extraordinary truth that all living things must be related
and had evolved from a common ancestor.
Darwin knew his espousal of evolution would cause outrage, challenging,
as it did, the prevailing religious view of the world and our place in it.
As Dawkins explains, it was really his theory of natural selection that
undermined the notion of a benevolent God who designed all creatures great and
small.
Back in Britain, Dawkins tries to convince a year 11 science class that
evolution is the truth but confesses that 'a few hours in the science lab is no
substitute for a lifetime of religious indoctrination'.
Grateful
thanks to
RICHARD DAWKINS
gbs Koblenz
and
YouTube and all the others who made this video possible.
H.G. Wells' parents were shopkeepers in Kent, England. His first novel,
The Time Machine was an instant success and Wells produced a series of science
fiction novels which pioneered our ideas of the future. His later work focused
on satire and social criticism. Wells laid out his socialist views of human
history in his Outline of History.
Grateful
thanks to
Famous Biographies
and
YouTube and all the others who made this video possible.
*Michael Faraday* was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. His main discoveries include the principles underlying electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism and electrolysis.
He was born on this day in 1791 (September 22) and passed away on 25 August 1867.
"I wanted to be sure not to overlook simple experimental possibilities, so I took some bottles of beer, ginger ale, and soda water into my laboratory, warmed them as much as I dared, and opened them with and without a radioactive source nearby."
Remembering physicist and music lover Donald Glaser, born on this day in 1926, who was awarded the physics prize in 1960 for inventing and developing the bubble chamber.
In 1952, Glaser invented the bubble chamber. His invention made it possible to study particles with higher energies compared to what had been possible in the predecessor - the cloud chamber.
To test the limitations of his new apparatus, Glaser did a beer experiment with his bubble chamber. It went as planned, the only issue being that the Michigan laboratory smelled like a brewery for weeks afterwards.
Read Glaser's Nobel Prize lecture to learn more about the invention of the bubble chamber: https://bit.ly/3m1mYHh
Photos: Donald Glaser at work. A artistically-enhanced image that shows the tracks of real particles produced when a neutrino interacted in a liquid mixture of neon and hydrogen inside the Big European Bubble Chamber (BEBC). The tracks become visible when bubbles form along the paths of the particles as a piston expands the liquid. A magnetic field is produced in the detector causing the particles to travel in spirals, allowing charge and momentum to be measured. (text from CERN)
”I must say I get bored with everything I do unless I have some relief. I try to arrange my days so there is at least one or two hours when I am doing something that I am generally enjoying. Usually more than one or two hours, three or four hours when I actually enjoy whatever I am doing. I love cooking, so I cook almost every day for an hour and a half or so.”
Economist Abhijit Banerjee on how important work-life balance is.
Banerjee was awarded the 2019 prize in economic sciences alongside Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer for their work fighting poverty. In a few weeks time we will know which economists that will be awarded the prize this year - stay tuned!
The story of one of the greatest scientists of all time. The first 1,000
people to use this link will get a 1 month FREE trial of Skillshare:
https://skl.sh/newsthink09211. This video is sponsored by Skillshare.
*If you enjoyed this bio, here are some others on my channel*
Why Nikola Tesla is Less Famous than Thomas Edison
https://youtu.be/G6xGuv6I5NI
The Secret Life of Albert Einstein https://youtu.be/tsUrtyRwfu4
Why Leonardo da Vinci was a Scientist https://youtu.be/EhMt9pnt714
The Secret Side of Sir Isaac Newton https://youtu.be/n6lRdH1EzIo
Special thanks to the following for permission to their material:
Ludwig Favre https://www.ludwigfavre.com/
Aurora http://www.aurorahp.co.uk/
Wellcome Collection https://wellcomecollection.org/ (see sources below)
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Start - 2:19 Violet by: Between The Dots, Muniesa, Ricardo Octavio, Maya
Sand, Shanthi Yoga, Reiki Power, Ben Hurd, Claus Egan, Carlo Matti
2:22 - 4:08 Summer in Paris by Lance Winnor Conrad
4:09 - 6:08 Silent Colors by: Between The Dots, Muniesa, Ricardo
Octavio, Maya Sand, Shanthi Yoga, Reiki Power, Ben Hurd, Claus Egan, Carlo
Matti
6:09 - 9:08 Serious,mysterious and brooding minimalist piano for slow
drama by Suite Tracks Music
9:10 - 11:28 Dark Ambient Suspense Tension by Media Music Group
11:29 - 12:58 Summer In Paris by Lance Winnor Conrad
Sources:
0:27 Adrian Grycuk, CC BY-SA 3.0 PL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... via Wikimedia Commons
2:16 Statue of Curie: Nihil novi, CC SA 1.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/s... via Wikimedia Commons
2:41 Sorbonne University photos courtesy of Ludwig Favre www.ludwigfavre.com
4:03 besopha, CC BY-SA 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... via
Wikimedia Commons
4:38 Electrometer photo: Science Museum London / Science and Society
Picture Library, CC BY-SA 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... via
Wikimedia Commons
4:50 Pitchblende photo: Jędrzej Pełka, CC BY-SA 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... via Wikimedia
Commons
5:02 Pierre and Marie Curie at work in their laboratory. Wellcome
Collection.
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
5:25 The laboratories of Marie and Pierre Curie, Paris: exterior
courtyard where treatment of noxious gases took place. Photograph, ca. 1900.
Wellcome Collection. Public domain.
5:28 Shed where ore experiments took place, Marie Curie. Wellcome
Collection. Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
6:00 Vitold Muratov, CC BY-SA 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
via Wikimedia Commons
6:32 Doramad toothpaste photo: Lucy Jane Santos/Museum of Radium
http://museumofradium.co.uk/doramad-t...
6:34 Facial cream photo: Rama, CC BY-SA 2.0 FR
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... via Wikimedia Commons
7:10 Portrait of Marie Curie, and her two daughters, Eve and Irene, in
1908. Wellcome Library, London. CC BY 4.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/b...
8:20 Cambridge university photographer, CC BY-SA 2.0 FR
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... via Wikimedia Commons
9:40 Bibliothèque nationale de France / https://gallica.bnf.fr/
9:56 Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division
10:34 National Photo Company Collection (Library of Congress)
https://www.loc.gov/resource/npcc.04182/
10:43 Photo of grand collier de la Légion d’Honneur: Dorian CORRADO, CC
BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... via Wikimedia Commons
10:54 Adrian Grycuk, CC BY-SA 3.0 PL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... via Wikimedia Commons
12:12 Portrait of Marie Curie and her daughter Irene. Wellcome
Collection. CC BY 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/b...
11:23 Croquant, CC BY-SA 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
via Wikimedia Commons
11:38 Son of Groucho from Scotland, CC BY 2.0
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... via Wikimedia Commons
11:48 Aurora http://www.aurorahp.co.uk/. Original photos posted on:
https://blog.bir.org.uk/2015/09/02/th...
11:54 Daily Herald Archive at National Science and Media Museum
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Grateful
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Newsthink
Cindy Pom
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YouTube and all the others who made this video possible.
What would you think has happened if you receive a phone call early in the morning?
"My first thought was that something terribly tragic must have happened; somebody has turned ill or something worst than that. So I was first relieved that it wasn't any of that and when I examined the news it seemed good because it was the academy calling."
Around 5am on 14 October 1998 Amartya Sen's telephone rang. He was worried and fairly sure that something tragic had happened. But after the news of his Prize in Economic Sciences sank in, Sen felt that "it was a good piece of news" and started the day with a cup of coffee.
Stay tuned to find out who will be receiving a phone call this year. Learn more about the 2021 Nobel Prize announcements: https://bit.ly/2QRp4Jp
"The Swedish Academy of Sciences called us, it was 1:40 in the morning. Since this is in the period before the election, I thought it was one of these political advertisements. So I turned off the phone, but
fortunately the Swedish Academy knew my wife’s cell phone number and they called her. Then we talked to them and the chairman of the committee said, ‘well, we’re actually having problems reaching Paul Milgrom and we understand he lives across the street. Could you go over and wake him up?’
My wife and I put on clothes and went across the street. The reason there’s a video of this is that they have a system at the front of their house, that the doorbell where the chime that you would push the bell in order to ring at the door, it’s actually a camera and a microphone. As we approached the door, it’s taking a picture of us and recording what we’re saying. It’s sending all of this over the internet to Paul Milgram’s wife, Eva Myerson Milgrom, who was in Stockholm because she’s Swedish and visiting her son, granddaughter and mother. At that very moment, it was like 10 in the morning in Stockholm so she’s trying to talk to us, but we don’t hear her very well so we’re trying to get to through to Paul and knock on the door and say, ‘You’ve won a Nobel Prize!’ So that was a lot of fun actually and this video got distributed all over the world within hours."
Last year on 12 October, economist Robert Wilson was woken up to find out that he had received the prize in economic sciences. Luckily he was also able to deliver the news to his co-laureate Paul Milgrom - they are neighbours.
Who will be woken up this year on 11 October? Stay tuned!
How do you know if someone is calling regarding a job or a Nobel Prize?
As Linda Buck’s phone number was unlisted, the Nobel committee instead called the director of Buck’s division at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center.
The director received a call from Sweden at 2:00 am in Seattle asking for the number of Linda Buck. As Buck was on the faculty search committee, the director assumed that the call was from someone that was interested in the vacant faculty position, but was unaware of the time difference.
The director suggested that if the caller was interested in getting the job, an early morning phone call wasn’t the best way to do it. When the director heard the real reason for the call, he replied: “That will get you a job here!”
For more stories of how laureates received the Nobel Prize phone call: https://bit.ly/2zoOBSp
Grateful thanks to
Linda Brown Buck is an American biologist best known for her work on the olfactory system. She was awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with Richard Axel, for their work on olfactory receptors. She is currently on the faculty of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle.
Immanuel Kant was acutely aware of living in an age when philosophy
would need to supplant the role once played by religion. This helped him to
arrive at his most famous concept: the ‘categorical imperative.’If you like our films, take a look at our
shop (we ship worldwide): https://goo.gl/o15jWG
FURTHER READING
“Immanuel Kant is a philosopher who tried to work out how human beings
could be good and kind – outside of the exhortations and blandishments of
traditional religion.
He was born in 1724 in the Baltic city of Königsberg, which at that time
was part of Prussia, and now belongs to Russia (renamed Kaliningrad)...”
You can read more on this and many other topics on our blog
TheBookofLife.org: https://goo.gl/HnPgjd
MORE SCHOOL OF LIFE
Our website has classes, articles and products to help you think and
grow: https://goo.gl/8yBXZv
More films on PHILOSOPHY in our playlist below:
http://bit.ly/TSOLphilosophy
Do you speak a different language to English?Did you know you can submit Subtitles on all
of our videos on YouTube?For
instructions how to do this click here:https://goo.gl/K1pFl0
Roald Dahl was a British novelist, short-story writer, poet, screenwriter, and wartime fighter pilot. His books have sold more than 250 million copies worldwide.
Dahl was born in Wales to affluent Norwegian immigrant parents, and spent most of his life in England.
He was born on this day (13 September) in 1916 at Llandaff, Cardiff, United Kingdom and
died on 23 November 1990.
His famous short stories includev Lamb to the Slaughter, The Enormous Crocodile, The Landlady and more
John Boynton Priestley, OM was an English novelist, playwright, screenwriter, broadcaster and social commentator. His Yorkshire background is reflected in much of his fiction, notably in The Good Companions, which first brought him to wide public notice.
He was born on this day in 1894(13 September) in Manningham, Bradford, United Kingdom and died on 14 August 1984 in Stratford-upon-Avon, United Kingdom
"Of course I was aware about the Nobel announcements being made, but I just didn’t really think too much about it. I turned the ringer off on my phone and I went to bed. I fell asleep and fell into it very deeply. I woke up at just before 3:00 am, California time. My phone was buzzing and I could see that somebody was calling and then there were some unanswered calls and messages. I picked it up and it was a reporter from Nature magazine who I know, Heidi Ledford.
She said, ‘Hi, Jennifer, sorry to bother you early. But I really wanted to be the first to ask you how you feel about the Nobel.’ I was literally coming out of a deep sleep and I said to Heidi, ‘Oh my god, I haven’t had time to look at the news. I don’t know who won it?’ And she said, ‘Oh my god, you haven’t heard!’"
Last year Jennifer Doudna woke up to the news that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her work on CRISPR. Who will be woken up with a surprise call this year?
Stay tuned in October to find out: https://bit.ly/2QRp4Jp
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne, also known as Lord of Montaigne, was one of the most significant philosophers of the French Renaissance.
He is known for popularizing the essay as a literary genre. His work is noted for its merging of casual anecdotes and autobiography with intellectual insight.
He was born on 28 February 1533, Château de Montaigne and passed away on this day in 1592.
He influenced Jean-Jacques Rousseau, René Descartes, William Shakespeare, Blaise Pascal and more.
Remembering one of the pioneers of high-energy physics - Arthur Holly Compton
Compton received the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the Compton effect. In an experiment he directed X-ray photons onto a metal surface. He found the X-rays' wavelength increased after some of the incident photon energy was transferred to free electrons.
In addition, Compton discovered the phenomenon of total reflection of X-rays and their complete polarisation, which led to a more accurate determination of the number of electrons in an atom.
Photo: Compton with graduate student Luis Walter Alvarez working on cosmic ray programs in 1933. Alvarez was later awarded the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physics.
"I taught myself to read, I’m not sure exactly when, as if it were something as natural as walking. I have often wondered whether the ability to read is built into our brains as a potential skill, or whether perhaps we inherit it from our ancestors who learned to read during their lives, in which instance I suspect it would only go a few generations back. In my case this ability was definitely to do with the fact that I was brought up among books – my dad ran the school library, and I dug around in them from early childhood. They weren’t books for children at all. One of my favourite early books was a collection of partisan songs. I knew how to sing them, so reading with understanding came to me naturally and easily. Among the hundreds of volumes eagerly borrowed by the pupils there were also art books and encyclopaedias. I can boldly say that encyclopaedias were my favourite literary genre throughout my childhood – my first “constellation” reading matter."
When did you learn to read?
Olga Tokarczuk tells us about when she started reading and how it opened up a new world for her: https://bit.ly/3cQzHcB
This is what people close say about me: “Misfit, Dreamer, Impractical, Champion of lost causes, Always Wrong” etc. etc. Maybe they are right, maybe not. What do I think of myself? I am trying to find out.
