GREAT POETS

Sarojini Naidu (née Chattopadhyay) 13 February 1879 – 2 March 1949)was an Indian political activist and poet who served as the first Governor of United Provinces, after India's independence. She played an important role in the Indian independence movement against the British Raj. She was the first Indian woman to be president of the Indian National Congress and appointed governor of a state.

Born in a Bengali family in Hyderabad, Naidu was educated in Madras, London and Cambridge. Following her time in Britain, where she worked as a suffragist, she was drawn to the Congress party's struggle for India's independence. She became a part of the national movement and became a follower of Mahatma Gandhi and his idea of swaraj (self-rule). She was appointed Congress president in 1925 and, when India achieved its independence, became Governor of the United Provinces in 1947.

Naidu's literary work as a poet earned her the nickname the "Nightingale of India" by Gandhi because of the colour, imagery, and lyrical quality of her poetry. Her œuvre includes both children's poems and others written on more serious themes including patriotism and tragedy. Published in 1912, "In the Bazaars of Hyderabad" remains one of her most popular poems.

*Works* 

1905: The Golden Threshold, London: William Heineman

1915: The Bird of Time: Songs of Life, Death & the Spring, London: William Heineman and New York: John Lane Company

1917: The Broken Wing: Songs of Love, Death and Destiny

1919: "The Song of the Palanquin Bearers", lyrics by Naidu and music by Martin Shaw, London: Curwen

1920: The Speeches and Writings of Sarojini Naidu, Madras: G.A. Natesan & Co.

1922: Editor, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, An Ambassador of Unity: His Speeches & Writings 1912–1917, with a biographical "Pen Portrait" of Jinnah by Naidu, Madras: Ganesh & Co.

1928: The Sceptred Flute: Songs of India, New York: Dodd, Mead, & Co.[42][32]

1961: The Feather of the Dawn, edited by Padmaja Naidu, Bombay: Asia Publishing House

 *Death* 

The ashes of Naidu kept at Golden Threshold, Hyderabad before immersion

Naidu died of cardiac arrest at 3:30 p.m. (IST) on 2 March 1949 at the Government House in Lucknow. Upon her return from New Delhi on 15 February, she was advised to rest by her doctors, and all official engagements were canceled. Her health deteriorated substantially and bloodletting was performed on the night of 1 March after she complained of severe [headache]. She collapsed following a fit of cough. Naidu was said to have asked the nurse attending to her to sing to her at about 10:40 p.m. (IST) which put her to sleep.She subsequently died, and her last rites were performed at the Gomati River.

Legacy

Naidu is known as "one of India's feminist luminaries".[3] Naidu's birthday, 13 February, is celebrated as Women's Day to recognise powerful voices of women in India's history.

Composer Helen Searles Westbrook (1889–1967) set Naidu's text to music in her song "Invincible."

As a poet, Naidu was known as the "Nightingale of India". Edmund Gosse called her "the most accomplished living poet in India" in 1919.

Golden Threshold in 2015

Naidu is memorialized in the Golden Threshold, an off-campus annex of University of Hyderabad named for her first collection of poetry. Golden Threshold now houses the Sarojini Naidu School of Arts & Communication in the University of Hyderabad.

Asteroid 5647 Sarojininaidu, discovered by Eleanor Helin at Palomar Observatory in 1990, was named in her memory. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 27 August 2019 (M.P.C. 115893).

In 2014, Google India commemorated Naidu's 135th birth anniversary with a Google Doodle.

She passed away on this day in March 1949 (March 2, 1949)

Grateful thanks to Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.

D H LAWRENCE

David Herbert Lawrence (11 September 1885 – 2 March 1930) was an English novelist, short story writer, poet, playwright, literary critic, travel writer, essayist, and painter. His modernist works reflect on modernity, social alienation and industrialization, while championing sexuality, vitality and instinct. Four of his most famous novels – Sons and Lovers (1913), The Rainbow (1915), Women in Love (1920), and Lady Chatterley's Lover (1928) – were the subject of censorship trials for their radical portrayals of romance, sexuality and use of explicit language.

Lawrence's opinions and artistic preferences earned him a controversial reputation; he endured contemporary persecution and public misrepresentation of his creative work throughout his life, much of which he spent in a voluntary exile that he described as a "savage enough pilgrimage".  At the time of his death, he had been variously scorned as tasteless, avant-garde, and a pornographer who had only garnered success for erotica; however, English novelist and critic E. M. Forster, in an obituary notice, challenged this widely held view, describing him as "the greatest imaginative novelist of our generation". Later, English literary critic F. R. Leavis also championed both his artistic integrity and his moral seriousness.

Works

Novels

The White Peacock (1911)

The Trespasser (1912)

Sons and Lovers (1913)

The Rainbow (1915)

Women in Love (1920)

The Lost Girl (1920)

Aaron's Rod (1922)

Kangaroo (1923)

The Boy in the Bush (1924), coauthored with M.L. (Mollie or Molly) Skinner

The Plumed Serpent (1926)

Lady Chatterley's Lover (1928)

The Escaped Cock (1929), republished as The Man Who Died

Short-story collections

The Prussian Officer and Other Stories (1914)

England, My England and Other Stories (1922)

The Complete Short Stories (1922) Three volumes, reissued in 1961 by The Viking Press, Inc.

The Fox, The Captain's Doll, The Ladybird (1923)

St Mawr and Other Stories (1925)

The Woman who Rode Away and Other Stories (1928)

The Rocking-Horse Winner (1926)

The Virgin and the Gipsy and Other Stories (1930)

Love Among the Haystacks and Other Pieces (1930)

The Lovely Lady and Other Tales (1932)

The Tales of D.H. Lawrence (1934) – Heinemann

Collected Stories (1994) – Everyman's Library

Collected letters

The Letters of D. H. Lawrence, Volume I, September 1901 – May 1913, ed. James T. Boulton, Cambridge University Press, 1979, ISBN 0-521-22147-1

The Letters of D. H. Lawrence, Volume II, June 1913 – October 1916, ed. George J. Zytaruk and James T. Boulton, Cambridge University Press, 1981, ISBN 0-521-23111-6

The Letters of D. H. Lawrence, Volume III, October 1916 – June 1921, ed. James T. Boulton and Andrew Robertson, Cambridge University Press, 1984, ISBN 0-521-23112-4

The Letters of D. H. Lawrence, Volume IV, June 1921 – March 1924 , ed. Warren Roberts, James T. Boulton and Elizabeth Mansfield, Cambridge University Press, 1987, ISBN 0-521-00695-3

The Letters of D. H. Lawrence, Volume V, March 1924 – March 1927, ed. James T. Boulton and Lindeth Vasey, Cambridge University Press, 1989, ISBN 0-521-00696-1

The Letters of D. H. Lawrence, Volume VI, March 1927 – November 1928 , ed. James T. Boulton and Margaret Boulton with Gerald M. Lacy, Cambridge University Press, 1991, ISBN 0-521-00698-8

The Letters of D. H. Lawrence, Volume VII, November 1928 – February 1930, ed. Keith Sagar and James T. Boulton, Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-00699-6

The Letters of D. H. Lawrence, with index, Volume VIII, ed. James T. Boulton, Cambridge University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-521-23117-5

The Selected Letters of D. H. Lawrence, Compiled and edited by James T. Boulton, Cambridge University Press, 1997, ISBN 0-521-40115-1

D. H. Lawrence's Letters to Bertrand Russell, edited by Harry T. Moore, New York: Gotham Book Mart, 1948.

Poetry collections

Love Poems and others (1913)

Amores (1916)

Look! We have come through! (1917)

New Poems (1918)

Bay: a book of poems (1919)

Tortoises (1921)

Birds, Beasts and Flowers (1923)

The Collected Poems of D H Lawrence (1928)

Pansies (1929)

Nettles (1930)

The Triumph of the Machine (1930; one of Faber and Faber's Ariel Poems series, illustrated by Althea Willoughby)

Last Poems (1932)

Fire and other poems (1940)

The Complete Poems of D.H. Lawrence (1964), ed. Vivian de Sola Pinto and F. Warren Roberts

The White Horse (1964)

D.H. Lawrence: Selected Poems (1972), ed. Keith Sagar.

Snake and Other Poems

Plays

The Daughter-in-Law (1913)

The Widowing of Mrs. Holroyd (1914)

Touch and Go (1920)

David (1926)

The Fight for Barbara (1933)

A Collier's Friday Night (1934)

The Married Man (1940)

The Merry-Go-Round (1941)

The Complete Plays of D.H. Lawrence (1965)

The Plays, edited by Hans-Wilhelm Schwarze and John Worthen, Cambridge University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-521-24277-0

Non-fiction books and pamphlets

Study of Thomas Hardy and Other Essays (1914), edited by Bruce Steele, Cambridge University Press, 1985, ISBN 0-521-25252-0, Literary criticism and metaphysics

Movements in European History (1921), edited by Philip Crumpton, Cambridge University Press, 1989, ISBN 0-521-26201-1, Originally published under the name of Lawrence H. Davison

Psychoanalysis and the Unconscious and Fantasia of the Unconscious (1921/1922), edited by Bruce Steele, Cambridge University Press, 2004 ISBN 0-521-32791-1

Studies in Classic American Literature (1923), edited by Ezra Greenspan, Lindeth Vasey and John Worthen, Cambridge University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-521-55016-5

Reflections on the Death of a Porcupine and Other Essays (1925), edited by Michael Herbert, Cambridge University Press, 1988, ISBN 0-521-26622-X

A Propos of Lady Chatterley's Lover (1929) – Lawrence wrote this pamphlet to explain his novel.

My Skirmish With Jolly Roger (1929), Random House – expanded into A Propos of Lady Chatterley's Lover

Apocalypse and the Writings on Revelation (1931), edited by Mara Kalnins, Cambridge University Press, 1980, ISBN 0-521-22407-1

Phoenix: The Posthumous Papers of D. H. Lawrence (1936)

Phoenix II: Uncollected, Unpublished, and Other Prose Works by D. H. Lawrence (1968)

Introductions and Reviews, edited by N. H. Reeve and John Worthen, Cambridge University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-521-83584-4

Late Essays and Articles, edited by James T. Boulton, Cambridge University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-521-58431-0

Selected Letters, Oneworld Classics, 2008. Edited by James T. Boulton. ISBN 978-1-84749-049-0

The New Adelphi, June–August 1930 issue, edited by John Middleton Murry. Includes, by Lawrence, ″Nottingham and the Mining Countryside,″ Nine Letters (1918–1919) to Katherine Mansfield, and Selected Passages from non-fiction works. Also includes essays on Lawrence by John Middleton Murry, Rebecca West, Max Plowman, Waldo Frank, and others.

Memoir of Maurice Magnus, Keith Cushman, ed. 1 December 1987, Black Sparrow Press. ISBN 978-0-87685-716-8, 0-87685-716-0 This book includes the unexpurgated version of Lawrence's introduction to Magnus's Memoirs of the Foreign Legion and related material.

Travel books

Twilight in Italy and Other Essays (1916), edited by Paul Eggert, Cambridge University Press, 1994, ISBN 0-521-26888-5. Twilight in Italy paperback reissue, I.B. Tauris, 2015, ISBN 978-1-78076-965-3

Sea and Sardinia (1921), edited by Mara Kalnins, Cambridge University Press, 1997, ISBN 0-521-24275-4

Mornings in Mexico and Other Essays (1927), edited by Virginia Crosswhite Hyde, Cambridge University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-521-65292-6.

Sketches of Etruscan Places and Other Italian Essays (1932), edited by Simonetta de Filippis, Cambridge University Press, 1992, ISBN 0-521-25253-9; Etruscan Places, New York: The Viking Press (1932).

Works translated by Lawrence

Lev Isaakovich Shestov All Things are Possible (1920)

Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin The Gentleman from San Francisco (1922), tr. with S. S. Koteliansky

Giovanni Verga Mastro-Don Gesualdo (1923)

Giovanni Verga Little Novels of Sicily (1925)

Giovanni Verga Cavalleria Rusticana and other stories (1928)

Antonio Francesco Grazzini (Lasca) The Story of Doctor Manente (1929)

Manuscripts and early drafts of works

Paul Morel (1911–12), edited by Helen Baron, Cambridge University Press, 2003 (first publication), ISBN 0-521-56009-8, an early manuscript version of Sons and Lovers

The First Women in Love (1916–17) edited by John Worthen and Lindeth Vasey, Cambridge University Press, 1998, ISBN 0-521-37326-3

Mr Noon (unfinished novel) Parts I and II, edited by Lindeth Vasey, Cambridge University Press, 1984, ISBN 0-521-25251-2

The Symbolic Meaning: The Uncollected Versions of Studies in Classic American Literature, edited by Armin Arnold, Centaur Press, 1962

Quetzalcoatl (1925), edited by Louis L Martz, W W Norton Edition, 1998, ISBN 0-8112-1385-4, Early draft of The Plumed Serpent

The First and Second Lady Chatterley Novels, edited by Dieter Mehl and Christa Jansohn, Cambridge University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-521-47116-8.

Paintings

The Paintings of D. H. Lawrence, London: Mandrake Press, 1929.

D. H. Lawrence's Paintings, ed. Keith Sagar, London: Chaucer Press, 2003.

The Collected Art Works of D. H. Lawrence, ed. Tetsuji Kohno, Tokyo: Sogensha, 2004.

He died on this day in March 1930 (March 2, 1930)

Grateful thanks to Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.

REMEMBERING C V RAMAN

GREAT STATESMEN

Yitzhak Rabin (1 March 1922 – 4 November 1995) was an Israeli politician, statesman and general. He was the fifth prime minister of Israel, serving two terms in office, 1974–1977, and from 1992 until his assassination in 1995.

Rabin was born in Jerusalem to Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe and was raised in a Labor Zionist household. He learned agriculture in school and excelled as a student. As a teenager, he joined the Palmach, the commando force of the Yishuv. He eventually rose through its ranks to become its chief of operations during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. In late 1948, he joined the newly formed Israel Defense Forces and continued to rise as a promising officer, with a 27-year career as a professional soldier. He ultimately attained the rank of Rav Aluf, the most senior rank in the Israeli Defense Force (often translated as lieutenant general). In the 1950s, Rabin helped shape the training doctrine of the IDF and he led its Operations Directorate from 1959 to 1963. He was appointed chief of the general staff in 1964 and oversaw Israel's victory in the 1967 Six-Day War.

Rabin served as Israel's ambassador to the United States from 1968 to 1973, during a period of deepening U.S.–Israel ties. He was appointed Prime Minister of Israel in 1974 after the resignation of Golda Meir. In his first term, Rabin signed the Sinai Interim Agreement and ordered the Entebbe raid. He resigned in 1977 in the wake of a financial scandal. Rabin was Israel's minister of defense for much of the 1980s, including during the outbreak of the First Intifada.

In 1992, Rabin was re-elected as prime minister on a platform embracing the Israeli–Palestinian peace process. He signed several historic agreements with the Palestinian leadership as part of the Oslo Accords. In 1994, Rabin won the Nobel Peace Prize together with long-time political rival Shimon Peres and Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat. Rabin also signed a peace treaty with Jordan in 1994. In November 1995, he was assassinated by Yigal Amir, an extremist who opposed the terms of the Oslo Accords. Amir was convicted of Rabin's murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. Rabin was the first native-born prime minister of Israel, the only prime minister to be assassinated, and the second to die in office after Levi Eshkol. Rabin has become a symbol of the Israeli–Palestinian peace process.

He was born on this day in 1922 (March 1, 1922).

Grateful thanks to Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia..